- 4-FMC
- 4F-MCAT
- Flephedrone
- 4-Fluoromethcathinone
Archer, RP. Fluoromethcathinone, a new substance of abuse. Forensic Sci. Int., 1 Jan 2009, 185 (1–3), 10–20. 1.4 MB. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.11.013
Iversen, LL. Consideration of the cathinones, Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs, 31 Mar 2010. 286 kB.
Brandt, SD; Freeman, S; Sumnall, HR; Measham, F; Cole, JC. Analysis of NRG ‘legal highs’ in the UK: Identification and formation of novel cathinones. Drug Test. Anal., 1 Sep 2011, 3 (9), 569–575. 176 kB. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.204
Brandt, SD; Sumnall, HR; Measham, F; Cole, JC. Analyses of second-generation ‘legal highs’ in the UK: Initial findings. Drug Test. Anal., 1 Aug 2010, 2 (8), 377–382. 317 kB. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.155
Jankovics, P; Váradi, A; Tõlgyesi, L; Lohner, S; Németh-Palotás, J; Kőszegi-Szalai, H. Identification and characterization of the new designer drug 4′-methylethcathinone (4-MEC) and elaboration of a novel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) screening method for seven different methcathinone analogs. Forensic Sci. Int., 15 Jul 2011, 210 (1–3), 213–220. 899 kB. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.03.019
Tsujikawa, K; Mikuma, T; Kuwayama, K; Miyaguchi, H; Kanamori, T; Iwata, YT; Inoue, H. Degradation pathways of 4-methylmethcathinone in alkaline solution and stability of methcathinone analogs in various pH solutions. Forensic Sci. Int., 10 Jul 2012, 220 (1–3), 103–110. 671 kB. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.02.005
Westphal, F; Junge, T. Ring positional differentiation of isomeric N-alkylated fluorocathinones by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Forensic Sci. Int., 30 Nov 2012, 223 (1–3), 97–105. 470 kB. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.08.011
Zuba, D. Identification of cathinones and other active components of ‘legal highs’ by mass spectrometric methods. Trends Anal. Chem., 1 Feb 2012, 32, 15–30. 576 kB. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2011.09.009
Reitzel, LA; Dalsgaard, PW; Müller, IB; Cornett, C. Identification of ten new designer drugs by GC-MS, UPLC-QTOF-MS, and NMR as part of a police investigation of a Danish Internet company. Drug Test. Anal., 1 May 2012, 4 (5), 342–354. 1.2 MB. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.358 #Flephedrone GC,LC,MS,NMR
Eshleman, AJ; Wolfrum, KM; Hatfield, MG; Johnson, RA; Murphy, KV; Janowsky, A. Substituted methcathinones differ in transporter and receptor interactions. Biochem. Pharmacol., 15 Jun 2013, 85 (12), 1803–1815. 2.2 MB. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2013.04.004
Haig, SD; Kelly, C; Morden, C. A report of an outbreak of toxicity from a novel drug of abuse: ERIC-3. Emerg. Med. J., 1 Jul 2013, 30 (7), 543–545. 90 kB. https://doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2012-201631
Glennon, RA. Bath salts, mephedrone, and methylenedioxypyrovalerone as emerging illicit drugs that will need targeted therapeutic intervention. Adv. Pharmacol., 1 Jan 2014, 69, 581–620. 564 kB. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420118-7.00015-9
Bonano, JS; Banks, ML; Kolanos, R; Sakloth, F; Barnier, ML; Glennon, RA; Cozzi, NV; Partilla, JS; Baumann, MH; Negus, SS. Quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis of the pharmacology of para-substituted methcathinone analogues: QSAR of para-substituted methcathinone analogues. Br. J. Pharmacol., 1 May 2015, 172 (10), 2433-2444. 985 kB. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.13030 #4-F MCAT
Leffler, AM; Smith, PB; de Armas, A; Dorman, FL. The analytical investigation of synthetic street drugs containing cathinone analogs. Forensic Sci. Int., 1 Jan 2014, 234, 50-56. 973 kB. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.08.021
Kavanagh, PV; Power, JD. New psychoactive substances legislation in Ireland – Perspectives from academia. Drug Test. Anal., 1 Jul 2014, 6 (7-8), 884-891. 1.2 MB. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1598
Mas-Morey, P; Visser, MHM; Winkelmolen, L; Touw, DJ. Clinical Toxicology and Management of Intoxications With Synthetic Cathinones ("Bath Salts"). J. Pharm. Pract., 25 Nov 2012, 26 (4), 353-357. 312 kB. https://doi.org/10.1177/0897190012465949
Adamowicz, P; Zuba, D. Discrimination among designer drug isomers by chromatographic and spectrometric methods. In Chromatographic Techniques in the Forensic Analysis of Designer Drugs; Kowalska, T; Sajewicz, M; Sherma, J, Eds., CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 1 Jan 2018; pp 211–232. 1.1 MB.
EMCDDA. New drugs in Europe, 2008, European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Lisbon, 1 May 2009. 265 kB. #7
Suzuki, J; Moriyasu, T; Nagashima, M; Kanai, C; Shimizu, M; Hamano, T; Nagayama, T. Analysis of uncontrolled drugs purchased in the fiscal year 2009. Ann. Rep. Tokyo Metr. Inst. P. H., 1 Jan 2010, 61 163–172. 971 kB. #4-Fluoromethcathinone
Grumann, C; Auwärter, V. Separation of positional isomers of nine 2-phenethylamine-derived designer drugs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Drug Test. Anal., 1 Jul 2018, 10 (7), 1184–1191. 861 kB. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.2371 #4-FMC LC,MS
Simmons, SJ; Leyrer-Jackson, JM; Oliver, CF; Hicks, C; Muschamp, JW; Rawls, SM; Olive, MF. DARK classics in chemical neuroscience: Cathinone-derived psychostimulants. ACS Chem. Neurosci., 17 Oct 2018, 9 (10), 2379–2394. 1.6 MB. https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00147 #Flephedrone (4-FMC)
Rickli, A; Hoener, MC; Liechti, ME. Monoamine transporter and receptor interaction profiles of novel psychoactive substances: Para-halogenated amphetamines and pyrovalerone cathinones. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol., 1 Mar 2015, 25 (3), 365–376. 1.6 MB. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.12.012 #4-Fluoromethcathinone
Baumann, MH; Walters, HM; Niello, M; Sitte, HH. Neuropharmacology of synthetic cathinones. In New Psychoactive Substances: Pharmacology, Clinical, Forensic and Analytical Toxicology; Maurer, HH; Brandt, SD, Eds., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1 Jan 2018; pp 113–142. 409 kB. https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2018_178 #4-Fluoro MCAT
Luethi, D; Liechti, ME. Monoamine transporter and receptor interaction profiles in vitro predict reported human doses of novel psychoactive stimulants and psychedelics. Int. J. Neuropsychoph., 1 Oct 2018, 21 (10), 926–931. 254 kB. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyy047 #S1 Cathinones 4-Fluoromethcathin
Kraemer, M; Boehmer, A; Madea, B; Maas, A. Death cases involving certain new psychoactive substances: A review of the literature. Forensic Sci. Int., 1 May 2019, 298, 186–267. 6.7 MB. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.02.021 #Flephedrone
Bork, W; Dahlenburg, R; Gimbel, M; Jacobsen-Bauer, A; Zörntlein, S. Herleitung Von Grenzwerten Der „nicht Geringen Menge“ Im Sinne Des Btmg. Toxichem Krimtech, 1 Jan 2019, 86 (1), 5–91. 4.4 MB. #CA-019
Hägele, JS; Basrak, M; Schmid, MG. Enantioselective separation of novel psychoactive substances using a Lux® AMP 3 μm column and HPLC-UV. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 5 Feb 2020, 179, 112967. 3.6 MB. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112967 #P10 LC
Alotaibi, MR; Husbands, SM; Blagbrough, IS. 1H, 13C, 15N HMBC, and 19F NMR spectroscopic characterisation of seized flephedrone, cut with benzocaine. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 25 Mar 2015, 107, 535–538. 588 kB. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2014.12.033 #4-FMC GC,NMR
Åstrand, A; Guerrieri, D; Vikingsson, S; Kronstrand, R; Green, H. In vitro characterization of new psychoactive substances at the μ-opioid, CB1, 5HT1A, and 5-HT2A receptors—On-target receptor potency and efficacy, and off-target effects. Forensic Sci. Int., 1 Dec 2020, 317, 110553. 1.7 MB. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110553 #Flephedrone (4-fluoromethcathino
Hulme, MC; Hayatbakhsh, A; Brignall, RM; Gilbert, N; Costello, A; Schofield, CJ; Williamson, DC; Kemsley, EK; Sutcliffe, OB; Mewis, RE. Detection, discrimination and quantification of amphetamine, cathinone and nor-ephedrine regioisomers using benchtop 1H and 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Magn. Reson. Chem., 20 Apr 2021, n/a. 1.9 MB. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrc.5156 #3c GC,MS,NMR,IR,TLC